응력차폐효과 개선을 위한 저탄성계수를 갖는 Zr-xCu 및 Zr-xSi 합금 연구
Study on Zr-xCu and Zr-xSi alloys with low elastic modulus for improving stress shield effect
구승원, 김정석, 고영무,
소속 상세정보
구승원 ( Ku Seung-Won ) - Chosun University School of Dentistry Department of Dental Materials
김정석 ( Kim Chung-Seok ) - Chosun University College of Engineering Department of Materials Science and Engineering
고영무 ( Ko Yeong-Mu ) - Chosun University School of Dentistry Department of Dental Materials
Abstract
치과용 생체재료인 지르코늄계 합금은 기존의 상업용 생체재료와 비교하였을 때, 매우 낮은 자화율을 가지며 인체의 뼈와 유사한 수준의 탄성계수를 갖는다. Zr-xCu 및 Zr-xSi 이원합금의 시편을 설계 및 제작하여 탄성계수를 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 압축시험을 통하여 합금의 응력-변형률 곡선을 얻었으며 Zr-xCu 이원합금은 1291-1411 MPa에 해당하는 압축강도 값을 얻었으며 각각의 시편에서 19.9-20.5 GPa의 탄성계수 값을 보였다. 2) 압축시험을 통하여 합금의 응력-변형률 곡선을 얻었으며 Zr-xSi 이원합금은 1105-1623 MPa에 해당하는 압축강도 값을 얻었으며 각각의 시편에서 22.3-33.1 GPa에 해당하는 탄성계수 값을 보였다. 3) Zr-xCu합금의 경우에는 Cu가 증가함에 따라 항복강도는 거의 비슷하였으나 연신율은 감소하였으며, Zr-xSi 합금의 경우에는 항복강도가 Zr-10%Si가 Zr-1%Si 보다 2배 이상 증가하였으며 연신율은 크게 감소하였다. Zr-xSi 합금의 경우에서 탄성에너지는 Zr-10%Si가 Zr-1%Si 보다 3배 이상 증가하였다. 4) Zr-xCu 및 Zr-xSi 이원합금에서 미세조직적으로 기저부에는 a-Zr과 계면에는 Zr2Cu 및 Zr2Si와 같은 조대한 공정상이 발달하고 합금원소의 첨가에 따라 금속간 화합물인 Zr2Cu 및 Zr2Si 상이 증가하였다.
The objective of this study was to fabricate Zr-xCu and Zr-xSi alloys with low elastic modulus for preventing bone resorption in dental biomaterials. Metallic materials are widely used for orthopedic and dental applications due to their superior characteristics of mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Many metals and alloys, such as stainless steel, Co-Cr alloys, and Ti-based alloys are commonly used. Among these dental metallic materials, pure Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy have become the most popular metals used for the endosseous parts of the implant, bone plates, and artificial joints due to their excellent specific corrosion resistance and high biocompatibility with natural bone. Stress shield effect results in the reduction in bone density as a result of the removal of typical stress from the bone by an implant. In general, the bone in a healthy person will remodel in response to the loads it is placed under. Therefore, if the loading on a bone decreases, the bone will become less dense and weaker because there is no stimulus for continued remodeling that is required to maintain bone mass. Although Ti-based alloys have been widely used as implant components and devices, its elastic modulus (110 GPa) is much higher than that of natural human bone (10?30 GPa). Serious damage may be easily caused in the human body when the modulus of implant materials does not match the natural bone due to the stress shield effects. Therefore, in recent, persistent efforts have been done to obtain biological hard tissue materials with low elastic modulus to transfer stress to the surrounding bones effectively. The Zr-xCu binary alloy exhibited moderate compressive strength (1291-1411 MPa), yield stress (517-552 MPa), favorable elongation (16.4?49.2%), elastic energy (6.76?7.43 MJ/m3) and low elastic modulus (18.5?23.1 GPa). The Zr-xSi binary alloy exhibited high compressive strength (1105-1623 MPa), yield stress (673-1514 MPa), favorable elongation (6.0?27.2%), high elastic energy (10.2?34.6 MJ/m3) and low elastic modulus (22.3?33.1 GPa). Consequently, Zr-xCu and Zr-xSi binary alloys have the potential to be used as biomaterials with nullifying stress shield effects for biological hard tissue materials.
키워드
생체재료; Zr-xCU 이원합금; Zr-xSi 이원합금; 탄성계수; 항복강도; 탄성에너지
Biomaterials; Elastic modulus; Zr-xCu binary alloys; Zr-xSi binary alloys; Stress shield effects
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